Science

Dilution Calculator

Calculate dilution requirements using C₁V₁ = C₂V₂

Calculator

M
M
mL
Initial Volume (V₁)
100.0000 mL

V₁ = C₂V₂ / C₁ = (1 M × 1000 mL) / 10 M = 100.0000 mL

Dilution Factor

10.00x

Solvent to Add

900.00 mL

Dilution Formula

  • C₁V₁ = C₂V₂
  • C₁ = Initial concentration (stock)
  • V₁ = Volume of stock to use
  • C₂ = Final concentration (diluted)
  • V₂ = Final total volume
  • Dilution factor = C₁ / C₂

How to Use

Calculate dilution volumes and concentrations

1

Enter initial values

Input starting concentration and volume

2

Enter target

Input desired final concentration or volume

3

Get instructions

See how much solvent to add and final volume

Dilution Equation

C1 x V1 = C2 x V2

Initial concentration times volume equals final concentration times volume.

Frequently Asked Questions

The dilution equation C1V1 = C2V2 states that initial concentration times initial volume equals final concentration times final volume. This assumes no solute is lost - you are just adding more solvent to reduce concentration.

First find final volume using C1V1/C2 = V2. Then subtract initial volume: Water to add = V2 - V1. For example, to dilute 100mL of 10M to 2M: V2 = (10x100)/2 = 500mL. Add 400mL water.

Dilution factor is C1/C2 or V2/V1 - how many times the solution is diluted. A 1:10 dilution has factor 10 (concentration reduced to 1/10). A 5M to 1M dilution has dilution factor 5. Useful for serial dilutions in biology.

Yes! The equation works for any concentration units (M, %, g/L, ppm) as long as you use the same units for C1 and C2. Volume units must also match (both mL or both L). Our calculator handles unit conversions automatically.